Yes, adding or changing assets (like images, videos, headlines, descriptions, etc.) in a PMax campaign does trigger a learning phase reset.
Here's what happens:
However...Minor adjustments may cause less disruption:
Adding one or two new assets (rather than overhauling everything) may trigger only partial re-learning.
Google might test the new creatives without fully resetting all historical learning, but performance volatility is still common for a few days.
Pro tip:
If you want to improve creatives without resetting everything:
Duplicate the asset group and test new assets in a separate one. That way, original groups keep their learning while you test new variations safely.
Make changes during low-traffic periods (e.g., early in the week or early in the day) to minimize disruption.